Martyrs’ Day in India, also known as Shaheed Diwas, is a solemn occasion to honor the countless brave hearts who sacrificed their lives for the country’s freedom, security, and dignity. Observed on several dates across India, it is a tribute to the heroes who fought against oppression, injustice, and foreign rule — and even those who continue to protect India today.
In this article, you’ll learn about the dates of Martyrs’ Day in India, its history, significance, how it is observed, and why October is also a key date in this observance.
When is Martyrs’ Day Celebrated in India?
India commemorates its martyrs on different dates to honor different sacrifices:
- January 30 — Marks the assassination of Mahatma Gandhi in 1948.
- March 23 — Remembers Bhagat Singh, Rajguru, and Sukhdev, hanged by the British in 1931.
- October 21 — Observed as Police Martyrs’ Day, honoring police personnel who lost their lives in the line of duty, especially those killed during the 1958 Ladakh ambush by Chinese forces.
Additionally, many states and regions observe their own Shaheed Diwas to honor local heroes and events.
Other Important Martyrs’ Days in India
In addition to the national observances, several other dates are marked regionally:
| Date | Event & Honored Martyrs |
| 1 January | Kharsawan firing (Jharkhand, 1948) — tribals killed while demanding Jharkhand state. |
| 2 February | Serengasia Valley Martyrs’ Day |
| 14 February | CRPF soldiers martyred in Pulwama terror attack (2019) |
| 15 February | Tarapur Martyrs’ Day — in memory of 34 killed while hoisting the Indian flag (1932) |
| 19 May | Bhasha Martyrs’ Day (Barak Valley, 1961) — Bengali language movement |
| 9 June | Martyrdom day of freedom fighter Birsa Munda |
| 13 July | Kashmir Martyrs’ Day — honoring 22 protesters killed in Srinagar (1931) |
| 11 September | National Forest Martyrs’ Day — Khejarli massacre (1730), over 350 killed protecting trees |
| 17 November | In memory of Lala Lajpat Rai, who succumbed to injuries from a British lathi charge in 1928 |
| 19 November | Rani Lakshmibai of Jhansi’s birthday (1828) — a key figure in the 1857 rebellion |
| 24 November | Guru Tegh Bahadur, executed in 1675 by Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb |
History & Significance of Martyrs’ Day
January 30: Honoring Mahatma Gandhi
On January 30, 1948, Mahatma Gandhi — the Father of the Nation — was shot dead by Nathuram Godse at Birla House, Delhi. Gandhi, who led India to independence through his principles of truth (satya) and non‑violence (ahimsa), was mourned by millions across the world.
Since then, this date is observed nationwide as Martyrs’ Day, not only to honor Gandhi but also to remember all those who sacrificed for the nation’s freedom and dignity.
March 23: Bhagat Singh, Rajguru & Sukhdev
On March 23, 1931, young revolutionaries Bhagat Singh, Shivaram Rajguru, and Sukhdev Thapar were executed in Lahore Jail for their role in the struggle against British colonial rule.
Their courage and dedication continue to inspire generations, making this date another significant Martyrs’ Day in India.
October 21: Police Martyrs’ Day
On October 21, 1958, ten policemen of the Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF) were killed in a Chinese ambush at Hot Springs in Ladakh, during a border dispute.
Since then, October 21 is observed as Police Martyrs’ Day, paying homage to all police and security forces who laid down their lives protecting the country.
How is Martyrs’ Day Celebrated?
Martyrs’ Day in India is marked with solemn ceremonies, prayers, and patriotic events.
- On January 30, at Raj Ghat in Delhi, national leaders lay wreaths at Gandhi’s memorial, and two minutes of silence at 11:00 AM is observed throughout the country.
- On March 23, schools, colleges, and organizations conduct cultural programs, plays, and exhibitions about Bhagat Singh & his comrades.
- On October 21, Police Martyrs’ Day is observed with parades, memorial services, and wreath‑laying ceremonies at police memorials.
- Across all observances, flags may be flown at half‑mast, and tributes are paid in the form of speeches, poetry, and patriotic songs.
Why Do We Celebrate Martyrs’ Day?
Martyrs’ Day reminds us of the ultimate sacrifices made by thousands of freedom fighters, soldiers, and patriots who gave their lives for our independence, safety, and dignity.
It teaches us the value of courage, unity, and the responsibility of preserving the hard‑won freedom and justice they fought for.
In conclusion, Martyrs’ Day (Shaheed Diwas) 2025 is not just a ritual observance — it is a heartfelt tribute to the men and women who gave everything for India.
From Mahatma Gandhi’s steadfast belief in non‑violence to the fiery courage of Bhagat Singh and the relentless dedication of police and armed forces, these heroes inspire us to build a nation worthy of their sacrifice.
Let us honor their memory — not just by remembering their names, but by living their values of justice, equality, and patriotism every day.